-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake | Valley | Latitude | Longitude | Distance to sea (km) | Elevation (m) | Maximum Length (km) | Maximum Width (km) | Maximum Depth (m) | Surface Area (km^2) | Average Ice Thickness (m) | Volume (x 10^6 m^3) | Description | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Bonney | Taylor | 77-42-55 S | 162-20-45 E | | 57 | | 0.05 | 13 | | | | This channel connects the east and west lobes of Lake Bonney. | | at Narrows | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Bonney | Taylor | 77-43 S | 162-20 E | 25 | 57 | 7 | 0.9 | 40 | 4.3 | 2.8 - 4.5 | 64.8 | Lake Bonney occupies a glacially scoured bedrock basin in Taylor Valley. It is located at the head of the valley and is perennially ice-covered. The | | | | | | | | | | | | | | lake has two basins (lobes) connected by a narrow, shallow channel. There are no surface outflows; the only known water loss is through ice ablation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (evaporation, sublimation and physical scouring). The lake is bordered to the north by the Asgard Range and to the south by the Kukri Hills. Mountain | | | | | | | | | | | | | | and cirque glaciers occupy hanging valleys between these peaks and supply meltwater intermittently to the lake during warmer periods in summer. The | | | | | | | | | | | | | | largest source of meltwater, however, is from the Taylor Glacier, which extends from the polar ice-cap and terminates in the western end of the west lobe | | | | | | | | | | | | | | of Lake Bonney. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Fryxell | Taylor | 77-37 S | 163-09 E | 9 | 18 | 5.8 | 2.1 | 20 | 7.08 | 3.3 - 4.5 | 25.2 | The Lake Fryxell basin is formed by a moraine depression in a wider portion of the Taylor Valley. It has a number of moraine islands and shallower areas, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | as well as several relatively well developed deltas. The lake is fed by at least 10 meltwater streams with a total drainage catchment of 230 km2. The | | | | | | | | | | | | | | lake is dammed to the southwest by the Canada Glacier and is topographically closed. It is perennially ice covered; during summer months, an ice-free | | | | | | | | | | | | | | moat generally forms around much of the lake margin. Lake levels have risen ~2 m between 1971 and 1996. There are no surface outflows; the only known | | | | | | | | | | | | | | water loss is through ice ablation (evaporation, sublimation and physical scouring). | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Hoare | Taylor | 77-38 S | 162-55 E | 15 | 73 | 4.2 | 1 | 34 | 1.94 | 3.1 - 5.5 | 17.5 | Lake Hoare occupies a narrower portion of the Taylor Valley, dammed by the Canada Glacier. It would drain almost completely without this dam. There are | | | | | | | | | | | | | | a number of islands which may be related to an old terminal of Canada Glacier. The lake is fed primarily from direct runoff from the glacier, as well as | | | | | | | | | | | | | | meltwater streams. (Lake level rose ~1.5 m between 1972 and 1996). There are no surface outflows; the only known water loss is through ice ablation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (evaporation, sublimation and physical scouring). | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Vanda | Wright | 77-32 S | 161-34 E | 47 | 143 | 8 | 2 | 75 | 5.2 | 2.8 - 4.2 | 160 | Lake Vanda is located in the Wright Valley, adjacent to the Taylor Valley. It is fed primarily by the Onyx River, which has its origin at Lake | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Brownworth, and ultimately at the Lower Wright Glacier located ~27 km east of the lake. The lake has no outflow. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | East Lake | Taylor | 77-43 S | 162-26 E | 25 | 57 | 4.8 | 0.9 | 37 | 3.32 | 3 - 4.5 | 54.7 | | | Bonney | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | West Lake | Taylor | 77-43 S | 162-17 E | 28 | 57 | 2.6 | 0.9 | 40 | 0.99 | 2.8-4.5 | 10.1 | | | Bonney | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Dirty Little | Taylor | | | | | | | | | | | Dirty Little Hoare Pond is adjacent to Lake Hoare. It is ~8 m in diameter and 30 cm deep. On 22-Jan-95, the pond had a partial ice cover (~30%), and a | | Hoare Pond | | | | | | | | | | | | water temperature of ~5C. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Joyce | Pearse | 77-43 S | 161-38 E | 44 | 301 | 1 | 1 | 35 | 0.83 | 3.9 - 5.6 | 4.9 | Lake Joyce lies in the Pearse Valley against the Taylor Glacier. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Miers | Miers | 78-06 S | 163-58 E | 20 | 240 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 21 | 1.3 | 3.4 - 6 | 2.9 | Lake Miers lies in the Miers Valley. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Garwood | Garwood | 78-02 S | 164-10 E | 0.01 | 10 | | | | | | | Lake Garwood is located in the Garwood Valley, adjacent to McMurdo Sound on the east side. It is fed by the Garwood River, which contains meltwater from | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Garwood Glacier, as well as Joyce Glacier, which melts into Lake Colleen, which in turn flows into the Garwood River. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake House | | 77-42 S | 161-27 E | | 300 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Vida | | 77-23 S | 161-49 E | | 349 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Don Juan Pond | Wright | 77-34 S | 161-11 E | 60 | 200 | 0.75 | 0.35 | 0.1 | | | | Don Juan Pond is located in the west end of the Wright Valley. It is wedged between the Asgard Range and the Dias. On the west end there is a small | | | | | | | | | | | | | | tributary and a feature that has been described as a rock glacier. Don Juan Pond is a shallow (i.e. flat bottom) hyper-saline pond. The salinity is high | | | | | | | | | | | | | | enough that it doesn't freeze even in winter. Therefore, unlike other lakes and ponds in the dry valleys, it has no ice cover. It has been described as | | | | | | | | | | | | | | a groundwater discharge zone. The dominant ions in solution are calcium and chloride. The area around Don Juan Pond is covered with sodium chloride and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | calcium chloride salts that have been precipitated as the water evaporated. Area and volume of Don Juan Pond varies over time. According to the USGS | | | | | | | | | | | | | | topo map published in 1977, the area was approximately 0.25 sq. km. However, in recent years the size of the pond has shrunk considerably. The pond has | | | | | | | | | | | | | | changed over the past 5 years although this is mostly anecdotal. The maximum depth in 93-94 was described as "a foot deep." In Jan 97, it was | | | | | | | | | | | | | | approximately 10cm deep; in Dec 98 the pond was almost dry everywhere except for an area 10's of sq meters. Most of the water that was left was | | | | | | | | | | | | | | restricted to depressions around large boulders in the pond. | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Pony Lake on | | 77-33 S | 166-09 E | 0.1 | | 0.12 | 0.07 | | | | | Pony Lake on Ross Island is located on Cape Royds. It is a shallow pond ~120 m long, 70 m wide, and 1-2 m deep. Huts built by Shakleton's expedition of | | Ross Island | | | | | | | | | | | | 1908 face the southern end of the pond. The eastern shore of Pony Lake is adjacent to a penguin rookery and the pond has high nutrient concentrations. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | High levels of Na, Cl, and SO4 are probably due to the marine influence. The water is well mixed by strong winds that prevail at the cape. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Skua Pond on | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ross Island | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Chad | Taylor | 77-38 S | 162-45 E | 24 | | 1 | 0.2 | 5.5 | 0.15 | 3.5 - 4.5 | | Lake Chad is in the Lake Hoare basin, Taylor Valley, west of Lake Hoare and east of the Suess Glacier. Wharton, House and McKay streams flow from the | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Suess Glacier directly into Lake Chad and then the overflow from Lake Chad flows into Lake Hoare. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Lake Chad at | Taylor | 77-38 S | 162-47 E | 24 | | 0.005 | | | | | | Narrows between Lake Chad and Lake Hoare is a short spillway approximately 5m long between Lake Chad and Lake Hoare. Wharton, House and McKay streams | | Narrows | | | | | | | | | | | | flow into Lake Chad from the Suess Glacier. The overflow from Lake Chad then flows into the west end of Lake Hoare. There are many microbial mats in | | | | | | | | | | | | | | this area between the Hoare and Chad moats and around the spillway. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------